C Structures

In C programming, structure is a collection of variables of different data types. These data types are under a common structure name. So, programmers can create a collection of different information under a same entity. The record may contains student name, roll number, average under a students details entity.

Declaration of Structures

Structure name or structure tag should always precede with the keyword "struct". Structure declaration always enclosed between 2braces{}(curly braces). The data types declared inside a structure are known as members of structure. The variables declared inside a structure are known as member names of structure. The member names inside the declaration of structure should not be same. However, it can be a same variable name declared outside the structure declaration. The members of structure can be integer, floating point, char, double, pointers, arrays, other structure can be declared as members.

Syntax - Structures

struct structname {
data type membername1;
data type membername2;
}variable1, variable2;

Declaration of Structure Variables

A structure variable can be declared in two-methods

• Declaring variables with structure declaration
• Declaring variables using structure tag

Declaring Variables With Structure Declaration

struct structurename {
member declaration;
} variable1, variable2;

Declaring Variables Using Structure Tag

In this type, we can declare variables separately from structure declaration by using Structure name. The Structure variable declaration will be like the following:

struct structname variable1, variable2;

Initialization of Structures

A structure can be initialized by assigning values to the members within structure.

struct   = {value1, value2...};

C Program - Structures

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
//Structure Declaration
struct student {
char name[30];
int rollno;
float average;
};
//Structure Variable Declaration and Initialization
struct student record1 = {"Siva", 43, 76.54};
printf("\nStudent Name : %s", record1.name);
printf("\nStudent RollNo : %d ", record1.rollno);
printf("\nStudent Average: %d ", record1.average);
return 0;
}

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