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Compensation Theorem
Compensation theorem is completely based on Ohm's law. Basically, when a current flows through a resistor, there would be a voltage drop across the resistor. This voltage drop opposes the source voltage Vs. Hence, the current flows through the following branch decreases. This decrease in current is compensated by replacing any one of the resistance with a voltage source V1 which is represented by its internal resistance only. The current from the replaced voltage source V1 is opposite to the direction of actual current in the network.
Explanation
Let us consider a network, whose supply voltage is 30V Due to voltage drop in a circuit resistance, the current flows through all branches are different. To compensate the circuit, the end resistor 4Ω is replaced by the 12V voltage supply(3A * 4Ω= 12V). A current from the 12V voltage supply flows in opposite to the direction of actual currrent.
Purpose of Compensation Theorem
To calculate the sensitivity of a bridge network. To analyse those networks where the values of the branch elements are varied and for studying the effect of tolerance on such values.
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